ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) Compendium - The ACL Page
The most comprehensive ACL resource on the Web
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For a second opinion or "e-pinion" about your ACL injury,
Ask the Doctor.Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury (ACL Injury) occurs about 200,000 times a year in the USA. ACL surgery is performed about 60,000-75,000 times a year in the USA. The torn ACL remains one of the most important knee injuries in sports medicine. ACL reconstructions are performed when an individual sustains an ACL tear that is not adequately controlled with an ACL brace or the completion of an appropriate ACL rehab program.
ACL injury is seen more often in women than men, if you account for participation rates in sports. The incidence of injury is higher in people who participate in sports like soccer, basketball, football, and skiing. As girls are generally not as skeletally mature as women, girls basketball has relatively high rates of ACL injury. An ACL tear usually occurs with: (1) low-velocity, non-contact, deceleration injury, like landing from a jump or (2) a contact or collision knee injury with a rotational component, twisting, bending, and hyperextension. ACL injury can occur from seemingly simple activities.
ACL Surgery is often referred to as: ACL reconstruction, ACL replacement, ACL repair or just plain ACL knee surgery. The torn ACL is actually replaced or reconstructed with a tendon graft in most cases. Children will sometimes have a true ACL repair.
About half of all patients with an ACL injury also have a torn meniscus. A lateral meniscus tear occurs more commonly with an acutely torn ACL. These are usually vertical tears in the posterior horn. Chronic ACL tears are usually associated with medial meniscus tears. These meniscus tears are often classified as oblique, horizontal, radial, flap, undersurface, degenerative, bucket-handle, or displaced.
ACL surgery has a long term success rate of about 75-95%, which means most people get a good return of stability and activity. The current ACL surgery failure rate is about 8%, due mainly to recurrent instability, graft failure, knee pain and knee stiffness. The ACL reconstruction can be done more than once (ACL revision).
ACL rehabilitation can last several months, including multiple trips to physical therapy and the gym. It is essential for complete ACL recovery. ACL braces are used with and without surgery on the ACL ligament. They are not always needed, and do not guarantee injury prevention, but can offer extra support.
GENERAL ACL INFORMATION / TORN ACL / ACL MRI / ACL FAQ
An
ACL Info Page.
About.com ACL Injury Information Knee1.com ACL Information American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Official Site (AAOS)
ACL Information Useful ACL LinksACL Overview About ACL Joint Healing: Knee
ACL INJURY VIDEOS
Warning! Some of these videos are graphic. SoccerBasketball (
Women's 1 Womens 2) and (
Men's 1- Rebound Men's 2 - Dunk)
Football 1 - HS tackleFootball 2 - McCallumFootball 3 McGaheeSkateboarding You may have to click on this link, then 'right-click' the next link, and select 'save-as' to download and view this Quick-time clip.
ACL tear ACL/MCL tear James E. Ireland Foundation welcomes your tax-deductible donations for any retained video clips.
ACL SURGERY VIDEO
ACL Surgery Webcast. Dr. Russell Warren and Dr. Jon Hyman. Select 'Long version' for full video. Hamstring ACL Reconstruction Live from an Operating Room. Approximately 1 hour in length.
Physical Exam #1 This is how the Orthopaedic Surgeon can tell that your ACL is torn by a physical examination.
Physical Exam #21st Week after ACL Surgery
ACL SURGERY TECHNIQUES
ACL Surgery An ACL Reconstruction Surgical Technique ACL REPAIR Technique ACL MRI and Technical Information Hamstring and Patellar Tendon Grafts,
Surgical TechniqueHamstrings
ACL IMAGES / ACL PHOTOS
ACL Injury and ACL Tear PicturesACL Surgery Images
ACL GRAFT TYPES. HOW DO YOU CHOOSE?
ACL Graft Choices
Summary 1 ACL Graft Choices
Summary 2Scientific Comparison of
Hamstring vs. Patellar GraftsACL Grafts:
Hamstrings or Patellar Tendon Hamstring Weakness after ACL surgeryACL Graft Choice Article ACL Graft Types ACL Allograft (Cadaver Tissue)
ACL Graft Choice Injury bulletin ACL Graft Harvest Incisions and General Information
From a
Surgeon's Perspective (very useful links)
Allograft (Cadaver Tissue) Safety Allograft Tissue?
How is it prepared? ACL Graft Pictures
ACL INJURY AND THE FEMALE ATHLETE
ACL
Anatomic Factors in Women
ACL
Injury Prevention: Flash Media Exercise Demonstrations
PEP Program Prevention Initiatives
ACL Injuries in Women Women and ACL Injuries
Article
ACL Issues for Women. Female Athletes Improving Jumping and landing from Jumps
ACL Tears in Women
ACL REHABILITATION / ACL THERAPY / ACL EXERCISES
Harvard
Accelerated ACL Rehab Program Comprehensive ACL Post-op Rehabilitation, Exercises and Functional Recovery ProgramACL Rehabilitation Therapy ACL Physical Therapy ACL Exercises for
Injury Prevention ACL
Exercise Images ACL Rehabilitation
Time Frames (General Guidelines. The Doctor will individualize the times based on the patient's progress and other knee problems)
ACL Sports Injury Bulletin ACL Rehabilitation
Time Phases (General Guidelines)
ACL Rehabilitation
Time Phases 2 (General Guidelines)
Open Chain vs. Closed Chain Post Operative ACL Rehabilitation Programs
Open Chain and Closed Chain ACL Exercises
ACL BRACES / FUNCTIONAL BRACING
ACL Sports Braces Are ACL Braces
Mandatory?
A Bracing Decision: "To wear or not to wear? That is the question."
ACL Braces Comfort. Reliability. Durability. Protection.
Faith in Braces Cti2 ACL Brace (as one example of many such braces) and
CTI2Orthoscript
SECOND ACL SURGERY ("Repeat" or "Revision" ACL Surgery)
Revision ACL Surgery
ACL BULLETIN BOARDS / ACL MESSAGE BOARDS / "PATIENT TO PATIENT" FORUMS
Atlanta's Premier Patient to Patient ACL Message Board Bob's ACL WWWBoardACL Soccer Message Board ACL Care:
Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation The Knee Guru
PATIENT'S ACL LINKS AND PERSONAL TESTIMONIALS
Martha's ACL page
Rob's Knee page
Jimbo's ACL page. (A nice journal, with photos)
Ron Mclellan's ACL page
Janet Bray's ACL page
Tim Smallwood's ACL page
Personal Story ACL Patient
Suggestions from ACL Patients Bob Willmot's Story
Patient-to-Patient Forums for ACL
Our ACL Forum
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